Servants are people, too. Seneca, Epistles 5.47.1-5
Seneca
notices that Lucilius treats his servants as members of the family,
and approves. What is the right way to be a boss, in modern terms, or
an employer? Seneca would not advise quashing your subordinates.
Libenter
ex iis qui a te veniunt cognovi familiariter te cum servis tuis
vivere: hoc prudentiam tuam, hoc eruditionem decet. Servi sunt.
Immo homines. Servi sunt. Immo contubernales. Servi
sunt. Immo humiles amici. Servi sunt. Immo conservi, si
cogitaveris tantundem in utrosque licere fortunae. Itaque rideo istos
qui turpe existimant cum servo suo cenare: quare, nisi quia
superbissima consuetudo cenanti domino stantium servorum turbam
circumdedit? Est ille plus quam capit, et ingenti aviditate
onerat distentum ventrem ac desuetum iam ventris officio, ut maiore
opera omnia egerat quam ingessit. At infelicibus servis movere
labra ne in hoc quidem ut loquantur, licet; virga murmur omne compescitur, et ne fortuita quidem verberibus excepta sunt, tussis,
sternumenta, singultus; magno malo ulla voce interpellatum silentium
luitur; nocte tota ieiuni mutique perstant.
Sic
fit ut isti de domino loquantur quibus coram domino loqui non licet.
At illi quibus non tantum coram dominis sed cum ipsis erat sermo,
quorum os non consuebatur, parati erant pro domino porrigere
cervicem, periculum imminens in caput suum avertere; in conviviis
loquebantur, sed in tormentis tacebant. Deinde eiusdem arrogantiae
proverbium iactatur, totidem hostes esse quot servos: non habemus
illos hostes sed facimus.
From
the messengers who reach me out of your household, I see that you
live on familiar terms with your servants. This is a very worthy
approach, one that speaks well of your prudence and learning. “But
they are servants!” Actually, they are human beings. “Still
servants.” More like messmates, who share your closest quarters.
“Servants!” Friends, whose material means happen to be small.
“Slaves, bound to serve.” Better to think of them as our
fellows—fellow servants, as we also are bound to some service—if
you are one of those people who have decided to make our fortune
depend so much on others. I laugh at those who think it base or mean
to share dinner with a servant. What habit but the most arrogant and
obnoxious surrounds every master with a crowd of waiters standing
there while he dines? Such a master is more than just what he takes
from the table: though his belly is already swollen with huge greed,
he stuffs it far beyond its ability to digest, achieving everything
he does with more work than he ever contributes. His unfortunate
servants aren't even allowed to move their lips to talk. Their
lightest murmur is beaten down with a rod, the same rod that strikes
whenever they cough, sneeze, or choke. Every time a voice interrupts
the master's silence, somebody must pay with great suffering. The
servants stand there all night, mute and fasting.
So
it comes to pass that those who cannot speak before the master end up
speaking about him, when he isn't there. Some would have been ready
to speak up for the master, sticking their necks out for him and turning
imminent danger onto their own heads rather than his, to his
face and in more private conversations, if their mouths weren't
forcibly shut. Such folk generally speak at banquets and parties, but
in torments they fall silent. This is the source of
the proverb, born of overweening arrogance from idiot lords, that a
man has as many enemies as he has servants.
These are not really
the enemies we have, but the ones we make.