Philosophy trains the mind. Seneca, Epistles 2.16.4-6
Philosophy
teaches the mind to adapt itself to every human circumstance. Thus
Seneca.
Dicet
aliquis, quid mihi prodest philosophia, si fatum est? quid
prodest, si deus rector est? quid prodest, si casus imperat? Nam et
mutari certa non possunt et nihil praeparari potest adversus incerta,
sed aut consilium meum occupavit deus decrevitque quid facerem, aut
consilio meo nihil fortuna permittit.
Quidquid
est ex his, Lucili, vel si omnia haec sunt, philosophandum est; sive
nos inexorabili lege fata constringunt, sive arbiter deus universi
cuncta disposuit, sive casus res humanas sine ordine impellit et
iactat, philosophia nos tueri debet. Haec adhortabitur ut deo
libenter pareamus, ut fortunae contumaciter; haec docebit ut deum
sequaris, feras casum. Sed non est nunc in hanc disputationem
transeundum, quid sit iuris nostri si providentia in imperio est, aut
si fatorum series illigatos trahit, aut si repentina ac subita
dominantur: illo nunc revertor, ut te moneam et exhorter ne patiaris
impetum animi tui delabi et refrigescere. Contine illum et constitue,
ut habitus animi fiat quod est impetus.
Someone
shall say, "What use is philosophy to me, if fate exists? Why
bother with it, if a god is our master, or again if everything
submits to chance? For what is certain cannot be changed, on the one
hand, and on the other, we cannot prepare anything against the
uncertain. So, either a god has rendered my plan superfluous and
decreed what I am to do, or fortune allows me no profit from
planning."
Which
of these perspectives is true? Do all things really come down to one
or another of them? These are questions that must be handled with
philosophy, Lucilius. Philosophy obliges us to consider whether the
fates bind us by inexorable law, whether a god has set all things in
their place throughout the universe, or again if chance drives and
pitches human affairs, with no order at all. Philosophy will exhort
us to greet gods with good cheer, and fortune with contempt. She will
instruct you how to follow after the god, and to bear with the chance
that befalls you. But this is not the time or place to carry our
discussion on to the question of what lies in our power if providence
is in command, or if an unbroken chain of fated events carries us
bound, or if we are subject to the rule of sudden, unexpected
accidents. So I turn back now, warning you and exhorting you not to
let the ardor of your mind slip or grow cold. Extend your mind, and
stablish it, so that ardor becomes natural to it.